There are no more famous ancient sites within Egypt, or for that matter elsewhere in the world, than the Great Pyramids at Giza. They are, without question, the icon most associated with the Egypt. They have been both the main destination for tourists, and a source of imaginative thought to the world for over three thousand years.
However, there are actually over 100 pyramids in Egypt, many of which are relatively unknown to anyone who is not an ancient Egypt enthusiast. All but a very few are grouped around and near the City of Cairo, just south of the Nile Delta. Otherwise, only one royal pyramid is known in southern Egypt (at Abydos), that being the one built by Ahmose, founder of the 18th Dynasty and Egypt's New Kingdom.It may have also been the last royal pyramid built in Egypt.
Early Egyptian kings were buried in mounds called mastabas. In approximately 2780 BC the first Egyptian pyramid was built as the burial chamber for King Djoser. Located at Sakkara near Memphis, Djoser's burial chamber was a step pyramid. According to the Smithsonian Museum the first smooth-sided pyramid was built during the reign of King Snefru, sometime between 2680-2560 BC. Snefru's son, Khufu, is responsible for building the most famous of all the pyramids, the Great Pyramid at Giza. The great era of the pyramids ended following the Sixth dynasty around 2150 BC, although smaller pyramids continued to be built for another millennium.
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